{"value"=>"<p>Rosika Schwimmer's correspondence, 1890-1948, spans the entirety of her adult life. A particularly prolific correspondent who appears to have kept every letter she ever received, Schwimmer compiled a collection that documents her experiences and personality in great detail. Represented are her professional activities and interests, beginning as a young feminist organizer in Hungary and continuing through her diplomatic post in Switzerland, her American lecture tour of 1914, the Ford Peace Expedition, and the founding of the Campaign for World Government.</p> <p>Materials consist of a large number of incoming letters, a smaller amount of copies of outgoing letters, memoranda, telegrams, daily bulletins from the Ford Peace Expedition, and miscellaneous enclosures.</p> <p>The correspondence demonstrates Schwimmer's strategizing and implementation of projects, and is particularly useful for insight into her tactics and opinions, as well as those of her contemporaries. Schwimmer's impressions of colleagues, friends and enemies were often discussed in great detail, and the papers document her numerous political quarrels and public controversies. Arguments with members of the Peace Expedition and Neutral Conference, attempts to contact Henry Ford following the failure of the venture, her argument with Upton Sinclair over his portrayal of her, and the maelstrom of debate surrounding the U.S. Supreme Court case, United States v Schwimmer, are all represented within the collection.</p> <p>Also documented are Schwimmer's professional relationships with a variety of prominent and influential individuals in the international arenas of woman suffrage, feminism and pacifism. Materials from her early career in Hungary are useful for study of the history and development of civil society in Eastern Europe.</p> <p>Turning from Schwimmer's professional to personal life, researchers will find a significant amount of correspondence related to her sister Franciska, her assistant Edith Wynner, her close friend Lola Maverick Lloyd, and members of the Lloyd and Maverick families.</p> <p>The general correspondence is so extensive as to make notable that which is missing: in particular any letters pertaining to her husband Mr. Bédy, and more importantly, the European diplomats' letters on armistice which reputedly convinced Henry Ford to finance the Peace Ship. The series devoted to the Ford Peace Expedition and the International Congress of Women, respectively, do contain convoy reports which may be the \"letters\" to which Schwimmer often referred.</p> <p>A selected list of the many prominent correspondents represented in the collection includes: Jane Addams, Dr. Anita Augspurg, Gertrude Baer, Emily Greene Balch, Carrie Chapman Catt, Dorothy Detzer, Camille Drevet, Elaine Goodale Eastman, Albert Einstein, Henry Ford, Vilma Glücklich, Alice Henry, Lida Gustava Heymann, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Aletta Jacobs, Count Michael Karolyi, Chrystal Macmillan, Scott Nearing, Wilhelmine van Wulfften Broese van Groenou Palthe, Sylvia Pankhurst, Alice Paul, Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence, Margaret Sanger, Upton Sinclair, Countess Bertha von Suttner, Norman Thomas, Henry C. Usborne, Lillian Wald, Julia Grace Wales, and Oswald Garrison Villard. For a complete list of her correspondents, consult the extensive Schwimmer \"Alphabetical List of Correspondence\" card catalog in the Manuscripts Reading Room, and the mailbook indexes (explained in detail in Series I, subseries B, below). The card catalog lists the name of each correspondent (individuals and organizations) and the dates (year only) of their letters. Schwimmer kept daily logs or \"mailbooks\" of her correspondence beginning in 1921. These indices supplement the card catalog. See subseries I.B. Mailbooks below.</p> <p>Researchers are also advised that many of the letter writers represented herein also conducted extensive correspondence with Lola Maverick Lloyd, Edith Wynner, Georgia Lloyd, and the Campaign for World Government. Please see the finding aids for those separate collections for additional materials.</p> <p>Approximately fifteen boxes of pamphlets and other printed matter were removed from general correspondence and placed with the Schwimmer-Lloyd pamphlet collection and vertical file. Subject files and personal miscellany previously arranged with Schwimmer's correspondence have been moved to the appropriate series within Schwimmer's papers.</p> <p>In Hungarian, German, English and French.</p>"}