{"value"=>"1987 January 29", "type"=>"inclusive", "normal"=>"1987-01-29"}
unittitle
{"value"=>"Episode #488: Black Inventors and Innovators"}
scopecontent
{"value"=>"<p>Black inventors from the past and present, including discussions of Dr. Daniel Williams, who performed the first open heart surgery; William Johnson, designer of the egg beater; Norbert Rillieux, who invented a sugar refining process; George Grant, who improved the golf tee; Garrett Morgan, who invented the traffic light; Dr. Charles Drew, who made many contributions to science and medicine including the discovery of blood plasma; William Purvis, inventor of the ball point pen; and Robert Blair, who invented the anti-aircraft gun. Guests: Dr. Stanley West, a gynecologist whose surgical innovations have helped women avoid unecessary hysterectomies; Ronald Briggs, director of Technical Services for Airkem, who helped develop several air deodorizing products including the popular \"Stick-ups\"; Dr. James Lee, orthopedic surgeon, who has invented a new horse shoe to prevent lameness in horses; and Dr. Michael Croslin, biomedical engineer and president of Steridoc, who developed a computerized blood pressure machine.</p>"}