Found 3 collections related to South Africa

In 1984-1985, during a State of Emergency in South Africa, the apartheid government banned AZAPO and other Black Consciousness movements for the second time. The apartheid government became notorious for its use of State of Emergencies in an attempt to exert complete control over Black, Colored, and Indian South Africans. The apartheid government's complete clamp-down of citizens' rights resulted in the numerous house arrests of influential anti-apartheid leaders, and the detaining of 2346 people under the Internal Security Act, in the attempts of ending internal resistance to the state's power. Under the State of Emergency, the apartheid government militarized and heavily policed all aspects of South African society-- which heightened feelings of mutual tension, paranoia, and distrust between South Africans. Though effective in disrupting a number of anti-apartheid organizations by arresting a number of their leaders, the State of Emergency was not effective in "governing the ungovernable" townships, as violent protests and fierce resistance continued against the state. The Delmas Treason Trial, held in December 1988 in South Africa, accused 22 individuals, including Baleka Kgositsle, Popo Molefe, Patrick "Terror" Lekota, and Moses Chikane, of treason. This trial was the longest running political trial in South Africa's history. It focused on the activities of the United Democratic Front (UDF), the largest organization in South Atrica opposing apartheid by peaceful means. The convictions and harsh sentences delivered made it a "crime" to participate or take a leadership role in the movement of peaceful opposition to apartheid. This collection consists of a photocopy of the decision of the South Africa conspiracy trial in 1988. The records include references to, and police reports on the Release Mandela Campaign of the 1980s, Rivonia, and campaigns for the release of Nelson Mandela and all political prisoners. The records also include state prosecution assessments of witness statements. less

Albert John Luthuli, 1898-1967, African leader in the Republic of South Africa and former Zulu chief; president of the African National Congress (ANC); first African to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, 1960, for his role in the non-violent struggle against apartheid. The Albert J. Luthuli papers document Chief Luthuli's leadership in the struggle against the apartheid system in South Africa and the growth of the ANC after 1949 into a mass based and increasingly militant freedom organization. Included are materials from the 1952 Defiance Campaign; the 1955 Congress of the People which gave birth to the Freedom Charter; the Treason Trials of ANC leaders; the Rivonia Trial; the struggle against the pass laws and other discriminatory legislation; and the international movement against the apartheid system. Other documents pertain to the Federation of South African Women, the Bantu Education Act, A.G.W. Champion, the Pan Africanist Congress, the Non-European Unity Movement, the ANC Youth League, the campaign against the Coloured Affairs Department (Anti-CAD), the South African labor movement, and Swaziland and the Bantustan system. less

The Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) was a grassroots anti-apartheid movement that emerged in South Africa in the late 1960s led by Steve Biko, an anti-apartheid student activist. The South Africa Black Consciousness Movement audio collection consists of forty-eight audio recordings, primarily of interviews with activists, as well as public events, speeches, talks, and music. less