{"value"=>"<p> The Suppression of Communism and Terrorism Act Cases series is divided into three subseries, The State V. Tuhadelini and Thirty-Six Others, Ndou et al. and Ramotse et al., and Additional Terrorism/Communism Cases.</p> <p>The State V. Tuhadelini and Thirty-Six Others, 1967 - 1969, subseries consists of court records, correspondence, and financial documents relating to this trial. There is correspondence that details Carlson's trips to New York, Washington, DC, and London to raise international awareness about the case. Legal documents include evidence used in the trial in addition to affidavits, motions, and transcripts. Of particular interest are the transcripts recording judgment and sentencing, since Carlson's defense prevented the accused from being executed by the state. A collection of affidavits from American officials show South Africa's wrongful jurisdiction of the South West Africans (Namibians). Documents relating to the accused include the testimonies of the thirty-seven defendants, and in some cases, more fully developed personal statements detailing their recollections of arrest and abusive treatment in jail. These files also contain inquests, intake forms, powers of attorney, and handwritten notes and journals. Financial records demonstrate the personal expenses Carlson incurred for his clients while they were in jail. Printed matter, including proceedings from the United Nations, documents Carlson's efforts at promoting international awareness of the South West Africans' plight. Newspaper clippings, both local and international, editorialize on Carlson's anti-apartheid activism.</p> <p>The Ndou et al. and Ramotse et al., 1969 - 1971, subseries consists primarily of court documents, legal correspondence, and statements by the accused in the above-named cases. Some of the documents are in Afrikaans. Since the government was not required to release information about Terrorism Act detainees, the earliest dated letters in the series reveal anxiety about the detainees' whereabouts and safety. Correspondence also highlights the women defendants' complaints about abuse in Pretoria Prison and Carlson's attempt to meet with Nelson Mandela on Robben Island to discuss Winnie's representation in the case. Several letters relate to Iris Madikizela et al. v. The Ministers of Justice and Police. Legal documents encompass materials filed by the prosecution and the defense with the Supreme Court of South Africa and issued by the court itself. Documents relating to the accused include handwritten statements by defendants; Carlson encouraged his clients to write extensively, recording corruption and abuses, and their statements attest to claims of mistreatment in prison and the condition of their arrests and detainment. This section includes handwritten materials by Winnie Mandela; Peter Magubane, an internationally well-known South African photographer; and Joyce Sikakane and Owen Vanqa, prominent South African journalists.</p> <p>Each of the defendants was assigned a number by the prosecution. In Ndou et al., Ndou was \"Accused No. 1,\" David Modau was \"Accused No. 2,\" and so on. The numbers changed slightly when Ramotse was added to the case and three others were dropped. Ramotse became \"Accused No. 1,\" Ndou became \"Accused No. 2,\" etc. Carlson kept materials relating to the accused according to their numbers, and the arrangement of this sub-subseries follows that system. Folders are organized by the accused numbers, reflecting both the Ndou et al. and Ramotse et al. cases.</p> <p>Through the spring of 1970, the detainees received significant English-language press. Many newspaper clippings in the printed matter center around student protests against the re-detention of the acquitted Ndou et al. defendants. Several documents demonstrate respected legal and humanitarian councils' condemnation of the Terrorism Act. There are also two folders containing correspondence and clippings relating to Mendel Levin, a South African attorney who attempted to represent the Ndou et al. defendants before Carlson was able to meet with them in prison. Several defendants allege in their statements that they were coerced into appointing Levin as their attorney. Carlson's files on Levin include materials that suggest Levin's dubious character.</p> <p>Files relating to Iris Madikizela et al. v. The Ministers of Justice and Police consist mainly of court documents and legal correspondence concerning the application brought by friends and relatives to protect the defendants in prison. Princess Madikizela testified, along with others, about the violation of the standard rights of detainees. During their detention, the accused's families did not have visitation rights and were not allowed to send the prisoners food, clothing, or medicine.</p> <p>The Additional Terrorism/Communism Cases, 1964 - 1971, subseries contains correspondence and legal correspondence relating to miscellaneous cases in which Carlson represented defendants against Suppression of Communism or Terrorism Act charges. Included in this subseries are materials concerning the Bakubung tribe's attempt to resist its mandated relocation and the subsequent prosecution of those refusing relocation, led by Lucas Monnokgotla, under the Terrorism Act. Perhaps the most notable case in this subseries is The Secretary for Justice v. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, 1967 - 1968, which relates to Nelson Mandela's conviction for leaving South Africa without a permit and for inciting people to strike in May 1961. Correspondence reveals Carlson's role as liaison between Nelson and Winnie Mandela as well as Nelson's alleged ill-treatment by prison authorities, a blocked attempt by the Secretary of Justice to have Nelson's name removed from South Africa's Roll of Attorneys, and his involvement with the Communist Party of South Africa.</p>"}