{"value"=>"<p>Subseries begins with an exchange of letters between Marshall and his brother James, president of the Board of Education in New York City, on the prohibition of Communists as teachers in the city's public schools. Their disagreement is echoed in two files regarding violations of academic freedom in colleges and universities (1940-1941) and the Rapp-Coudert Committee. Frederick Coudert chaired a committee in the New York State Legislature that hunted down suspected communists among teachers and university professors, including the well-known educator and rights activist Max Yergan. Coudert was, in turn, criticized for his anti-Semitic sympathies and his failure to target any Nazi sympathizers in his investigations. The Academic Council, which replaced the earlier American Committee for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom, was concerned with the spread of misleading textbooks about racial and religious minorities, with anti-Semitic bias in the Department of Romance Language at the City College of New York, and with discrimination in the academic field in general. Lyman Bradley was its Secretary.</p>"}