{"format"=>"simple", "value"=>"Stab-hole binding at top, parchment covers."}
{"format"=>"simple", "value"=>"Contemporary manuscript title on front cover in the hand of Abraham G. Lansing: \"A No. 32 / The Rough Hewer Manuscript of Ab[raha]m Yates Jun[io]r\""}
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{"value"=>"<p>The \"Rough Hewer\" manuscript, 1783-1796?, is a bound volume containing forty-two autograph draft essays written by Abraham Yates Jr. for publication, one of which is an essay excerpt with his publication notes.</p> <p>The third through fifth items were republished as part of his 1786 pamphlet <span class=\"title\">Political papers, Addressed to the Advocates for a Congressional Revenue in the State of New-York</span> (Evans 20168). These are the essay dated March 11 [i.e. 17], 1785 signed \"A Rough Hewer;\" the essay excerpt dated March 17, 1785 addressed \"Mr. Printer,\" with Yates' publication notes; and the following essay dated \"publish'd 1785 and republish'd in pamphlet 1786,\" signed \"Rough Hewer.\" The excerpted essay, signed \"Sidney\" and dated March 13, 1785 in the pamphlet, was published on March 17.</p> <p>For a nearly complete text of his pamphlet <span class=\"title\">Resolutions and Extracts from the Journals of the Honorable the Congress relative to the Continental Loan-Offices in the Several States; and Certain Letters …</span> (Evans 20800), see the item dated 1786 June 14, partly in the hand of a copyist.</p> <p>Essays dating 1783 August-1787 April, prior to the Constitutional Convention, discuss the Imposts of 1781 and 1783 and their attempted ratification; revision of the Articles of Confederation and the leadup to a convention; Continental Loan Offices; and toll collection at Watervliet, Albany. The bulk of the essays, resuming in October 1787, through April 1790, address the politics of the Constitution and amendments to the same, and national fiscal policy. The next essays, published 1793-1794, pertain to New York State canal legislation, and to the Constitution. These are followed by the last four pieces, published 1795-1796, protesting the Jay Treaty between the United States and Great Britain.</p> <p>Yates typically provided the publication date(s) of the essay, any essay sequence numbers and, in some cases, the pen name he used. These are \"A Rough Hewer\" or \"Rough Hewer\" for the earliest pieces, followed by \"A Citizen,\" \"Grotius\" and, most frequently, \"Sidney.\" The newspaper name seldom appears, those few instances being the <span class=\"title\">Albany Gazette</span> or the <span class=\"title\">Albany Register</span>. The first essay, dated 1783 August 4, is identified as Rough Hewer No. 1. The first two items are followed by a sheet bearing a note in Yates's hand: \"Manuscripts that follow nearly agree with the prints.\"</p> <p>Notable essay series delineated by sequence numbers and/or foliation or pagination, all bearing the name \"Sidney\" on at least some essays, are as follows:</p> <p>A group of eleven essays published between December 8 (and 4), 1788, and March 23, 1789, begin with a discussion of the Federalist position on a bill of rights. The sequence is marked by a continuous foliation from 1-[68], with some gaps in numbering. The January 5, 1789 essay was republished from March 13, 1788.</p> <p>Ten essays, dated 1789 December 24-1790 April 12, express concerns about the new Treasury Department in comparison with the financial reorganization of 1781 under a Superintendent of Finance (Robert Morris). The second through sixth essays are numbered \"No. 2\" - \"No. 6;\" the foliation or pagination for each essay carries only the essay's number throughout, running from 1 to 10.</p> <p>The last four essays (numbered 1-4) on the Jay Treaty were published not long before Yates' death on June 30, 1796. Numbers 1 and 2 have Yates' publishing dates of December 18 and 25, 1795, but Numbers 3 and 4 are not dated. Number 3 was published in the <span class=\"title\">Albany Register</span> of January 1, 1796 and the date for Number 4 is not found.</p> <p>Essays are not in strict chronological order, and multiple dates on an item may represent republication, or publication in installments. A few are not dated. Not found here are two essays addressed to the Citizens of the State of New-York, published in the <span class=\"title\">New York Journal</span> under the name \"Sydney\" on June 13 and 14, 1788, attributed to Yates. See <span class=\"title\">The Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution Digital Edition</span> (hereafter <span class=\"title\">DHRC</span>) (Charlottesvillle, University of Virginia Press, 2009; https://rotunda-upress-virginia-edu.i.ezproxy.nypl.org/founders/RNCN-02-20-02-0004-0204; original source: <span class=\"title\">Ratification by the States</span>, Volume XX: <span class=\"title\">New York, No. 2.</span>), citing Yates' letter to Abraham G. Lansing of June 15, 1788 (item 209); the essays also appear in <span class=\"title\">The Complete Anti-Federalist</span>, Vol. 6. Published essays are also found elsewhere in this series.</p>"}
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{"id"=>"aspace_1a1d43909db1d61fcf4c90e02b09404f", "value"=>"<p>The essay of October 18, 1787 as published in the <span class=\"title\">New York Journal</span> (extraordinary issue) is found in <span class=\"title\">DHRC</span> (Charlottesvillle, University of Virginia Press, 2009; https://rotunda-upress-virginia-edu.i.ezproxy.nypl.org/founders/RNCN-02-19-02-0002-0044; original source: <span class=\"title\">Ratification by the States</span>, Volume XIX:<span class=\"title\"> New York, No. 1</span>.)</p>"}