- unitid
-
{"value"=>"17791", "type"=>"local_mss"}
- unitdate
-
{"value"=>"1929-1979", "type"=>"inclusive", "normal"=>"1929/1979"}
{"value"=>"1952-1964", "type"=>"bulk", "normal"=>"1952/1964"}
- date_inclusive_start
-
1929
- date_inclusive_end
-
1979
- keydate
-
1929
- unittitle
-
{"value"=>"New York Times Company records. Robert E. Garst papers"}
- physdesc
-
{"format"=>"structured", "physdesc_components"=>[{"name"=>"extent", "value"=>"3.78 linear feet", "unit"=>"linear feet"}, {"name"=>"extent", "value"=>"9 boxes", "unit"=>"containers"}], "supress_display"=>true}
- repository
-
{"value"=>"<span class=\"corpname\">The New York Public Library. <span class=\"subarea\">Manuscripts and Archives Division</span></span> <div class=\"address\"><span class=\"addressline\">New York, New York</span></div>"}
- abstract
-
{"value"=>"Robert Edward Garst was a longtime editor at <span class=\"title\">The New York Times</span>, rising from the position of City Desk copy editor in 1925 to special assistant to the executive editor at his retirement in 1967. This collection contains correspondence, memoranda, reports, typescripts, and photographs documenting the production of <span class=\"title\">The New York Times</span> from 1952 to 1964, while Garst was assistant managing editor under Turner Catledge and E. Clifton Daniel."}
- prefercite
-
{"value"=>"<p>New York Times Company records. Robert E. Garst papers, Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library.</p>"}
- origination
-
{"value"=>"New York Times Company", "type"=>"corpname"}
- bioghist
-
{"value"=>"<p>Robert Edward Garst (1900-1980) was a longtime editor at <span class=\"title\">The New York Times</span>, rising from the position of copyreader (copy editor) for the City Desk department in 1925 to special assistant to the executive editor at his retirement in 1967.</p> <p>Born in Rockridge County, Virginia, Garst served as a private in the United States Army during World War I. He graduated from Columbia University's School of Journalism in 1924 and was soon hired as a reporter for the United Press International. In 1925, he joined <span class=\"title\">The New York Times</span> as a copy editor. For the next 42 years, Garst moved steadily up the editorial ranks of <span class=\"title\">The Times</span>. As night city editor (1938-1946) and assistant night managing editor (1946-1948) he assigned stories to reporters and edited stories for accuracy, spelling, grammar, style, layout, and design from 2pm to the production of the first daily edition early the next morning. Garsts became city editor in 1948, a daytime position that gave him authority over story assignments and editorial decisions for reporting on New York City. In 1952, he was promoted to assistant managing editor by Turner Catledge and became more involved with general office management, such as dealing with personnel issues and monitoring staff expenses and office finances. He also managed the weekend staff and, in 1960, organized and oversaw new procedures for disseminating news and stories (\"flow of news\") from New York to Los Angeles and Paris for the West Coast and international editions of the paper. Garst's final promotion was to special assistant to the executive editor under Clifton Daniel in 1964. Between 1964 and his retirement from <span class=\"title\">The Times</span> in 1967, Garst had fewer editorial and newsroom responsibilities and spent more energy on administrative matters.</p> <p>In addition to his editorial posts, Garst taught copyediting at Columbia University from 1927 to 1948, and co-authored, with Theodore M. Bernstein, the 1933 book <span class=\"title\">Headlines Deadlines: A Manual for Copy Editors</span>.</p> <p>Robert Garst married Iris Kollmorgen in 1925 and he married Edith Evans Asbury in 1971. He died in New York City in 1980.</p> <p>Sources: Talese, Gay. <span class=\"title\">The Kingdom and the Power</span>. New York: Ivy Books, 1966. Kihss, Peter. \"Robert Garst, Former Editor at The Times, Dies at 79.\" <span class=\"title\">The New York Times</span>, April 21, 1980.</p>"}
- custodhist
-
{"value"=>"<p>This collection was originally appraised, re-housed, and organized in 1990 by The New York Times archives staff. During this process they weeded out 8.4 linear feet of files and sorted the remaining documents into People and Subjects files.</p>"}
- scopecontent
-
{"value"=>"<p>The Robert E. Garst papers consist of correspondence, internal memoranda, reports, typescripts of articles, speeches, biographical files, photographs, and news clippings compiled from Garst's files as assistant managing editor of <span class=\"title\">The New York Times</span> (1952-1964). These records document Garst's close involvement in high-level editorial and administrative decision making and his role as liason between editorial departments. These papers do not, however, make up the entirety of Garst's files but represent a potent selection of documents that reveal Garst's contributions as editor and administrator, and the functioning of the editorial unit at large. Also present is a small amount of Garst's personal correspondence and writings, and some letters from David E. Joseph, his predecessor as assistant managing editor.</p> <p>The collection is divided into two series: I: People and II: Subjects. The People files consist of records pertaining to individuals, while the Subjects files contain items on specific topics. Items germane to two or more people or subjects are often cross-referenced in the finding aid; documents related to specific issues are generally located in subject files rather than the people folders of those involved. <span class=\"title\">The Times</span> archivists imposed this arrangement on Garst's files.</p> <p>The collection documents Garst's involvement in a wide range of aspects of newsroom operations, largely through letters and memoranda sent between Garst and the other senior editors and with the publishers. Topics discussed in depth include general editorial and style policies, staff administration, office and staff expenses, the assigning and development of daily news stories, methods of communication between the national and international news bureaus, the planning of special supplements, and and the production of year-end review sections. Many of the memoranda include accompanying related materials, such as article clippings and copies of communications. Also present are letters from readers, many with responses from Garst, that discuss specific articles and the coverage of contentious news issues.</p>"}
{"value"=>"<p class='list-head'>The New York Times Company records. Robert E. Garst papers are arranged in two series:</p>\n<ul class='arrangement series-descriptions'>\n<li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/17791#c668020'>Series I: People</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1948-1968</div>\n<div class='series-extent'>3 boxes</div>\n<div class='series-description'><p>This series is made up of files that contain items to, from, or concerning various individuals, such as <span class=\"title\">New York Times</span> staff members, freelance reporters, politicians, and other newsmakers. Many of the memoranda and letters are Garst's copies of items circulated among Frank S. Adams, Julian Ochs Adler, Theodore Bernstein, Richard Burritt, Turner Catledge, Daniel Clifton, Orvil Dryfoos, Emmanuel Freedman, Anthony Lewis, Abraham M. Rosenthal, and other staff members. Along with communications with or about individuals, many files also contain biographical write-ups and photograph portraits. Staff member files often include employment histories and assessments of their work. These files do not necessarily collect every letter, memorandum, or document related to the individual; subject files should also be consulted.</p> <p>Files are arranged alphabetically by name. Entries without box and folder numbers cross-reference related material in other files.</p></div></li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/17791#c668136'>Series II: Subjects</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1929-1979</div>\n<div class='series-extent'>6 boxes</div>\n<div class='series-description'><p>This series is made up of alphabetical subject files that are organized (and titled) by topical keywords, issues, events, projects, geographic locations, or company, organization, institution, department, or newspaper section names. They primarily contain incoming and copies of outgoing letters between Garst and fellow <span class=\"title\">New York Times</span> staff members, and with newsmakers and concerned readers. Many of the memoranda and letters are Garst's copies of items circulated among Frank S. Adams, Julian Ochs Adler, Charles Benda, Theodore Bernstein, Richard Burritt, Turner Catledge, Daniel Clifton, Orvil Dryfoos, Emmanuel Freedman, Anthony Lewis, Abraham M. Rosenthal, and other senior staff members. These communications reveal high-level decision making on reporting and editorial matters, and are accompanied by reports on finances and various newspaper administrative matters including subscription levels, deadlines, and the costs of reporting for different sections and divisions.</p> <p>The series includes large files on the following topics: Communism and congressional investigations into <span class=\"title\">New York Times</span> reporters with ties to the Communist Party (see: Communism and Staff: Senate Investigations), civil rights and the representation of African Americans in the paper (see: Negroes), editorial and style policies and guidelines, and the running of the international edition. Also of note are files on the organization and management of the Women's News and Education News departments. Additionally the Style folder contains Garst's 1955 report on the \"Better Writing Project,\" a twenty-year effort within the news department to make <span class=\"title\">The Times</span> easier to read.</p> <p>Files are arranged alphabetically by file title. Entries without box and folder numbers cross-reference related material in other files.</p></div></li></ul>\n", "type"=>"arrangement"}
- arrangement
-
{"value"=>"<p>The New York Times Company records. Robert E. Garst papers are organized in the following series:</p> <ul class=\"list\"> <li>Series I: People, 1948-1968</li> <li>Series II: Subjects, 1929-1979</li></ul>", "supress_display"=>true}
- acqinfo
-
{"value"=>"<p>New York Times Company, donated 2007.</p>"}
- processinfo
-
{"value"=>"<p>Compiled by Philip Heslip.</p>"}
{"value"=>"<p>The order and folder titles, which The Times archives staff imposed on the collection, have been maintained.</p>"}
- userestrict
-
{"value"=>"<p>Copyright for documents created by New York Times Company principals and staff has been transferred to The New York Public Library.</p>"}
- physloc
-
{"value"=>"MssCol 17791", "type"=>"local_call", "supress_display"=>true}
- extent_statement
-
3.78 linear feet (9 boxes)
- date_start
-
1929
- date_end
-
1979
- date_bulk_start
-
1952
- date_bulk_end
-
1964