- unitid
-
{"value"=>"6233", "type"=>"local_mss"}
{"value"=>"MssCol 6233", "type"=>"local_call"}
- unitdate
-
{"value"=>"1856-1949", "type"=>"inclusive", "normal"=>"1856/1949"}
- unittitle
-
{"value"=>"Lola Maverick Lloyd papers"}
- physdesc
-
{"format"=>"structured", "physdesc_components"=>[{"name"=>"extent", "value"=>"35 Linear Feet", "unit"=>"linear_feet"}, {"name"=>"extent", "value"=>"88 boxes", "unit"=>"boxes"}], "supress_display"=>true}
- repository
-
{"value"=>"<span class=\"corpname\">Manuscripts and Archives</span>"}
- abstract
-
{"value"=>"Lola Maverick Lloyd was a prominent social activist involved in the international peace and world government movements during the first half of the twentieth century. The collection contains personal and professional materials documenting her life and participation in the Ford Peace Expedition of 1915-1916, and her 1937 co-founding of the Campaign for World Government."}
- langmaterial
-
{"value"=>"Multiple languages"}
{"value"=>"Some items in French, German and Spanish."}
- origination
-
{"value"=>"Lloyd, Lola Maverick, 1875-1944", "type"=>"persname"}
- bioghist
-
{"value"=>"<p>Lola Maverick Lloyd was a prominent social activist involved in the international peace and world government movements during the first half of the twentieth century. She was born on November 24, 1875 in Castroville, Texas to attorney George Madison Maverick and Mary Elizabeth Vance. Lola's grandfather Samuel A. Maverick served as mayor of San Antonio from 1839-1840. He was a signatory of the Texas Declaration of Independence severing ties with Mexico, and contributed his surname to the American lexicon through his refusal to brand his cattle, which became known as \"mavericks.\"</p> <p>One of six children, Lola was raised in St. Louis, Missouri, where she attended school at the Mary Institute. She graduated from Smith College in 1897, returning to teach mathematics there for the 1901-1902 academic year. While on vacation in Rhode Island, Lola met William Bross Lloyd, son of the newspaperman and philanthropist Henry Demarest Lloyd. Henry Demarest, a muckraking journalist for the Chicago Tribune, was author of several books with a pro-labor, antitrust bent, of which the most well-known was |Wealth Against Commonwealth|. William and Lola were married in November 1902. Both were close to Henry Demarest Lloyd, whose progressive politics influenced their interests in social advocacy and reform.</p> <p>From 1902 until 1914, Lola lived a relatively private life in the Chicago suburb of Winnetka, Illinois, raising four children: Jessie Bross Lloyd (b. 1904), Mary Maverick Lloyd (b. 1906), William Bross Lloyd Jr. (b. 1908), and Georgia Lloyd (b. 1913). During this time, William practiced law in Chicago, and nominally served as director of the Chicago Tribune. In 1912, a rift began to develop between William and Lola, which would eventually result in their divorce in 1916.</p> <p>The beginning of World War I in 1914 coincided with Lola's entrance into the public sphere. Prior to the war she had been involved in local women's and artists' groups, but attending one of the Hungarian feminist Rosika Schwimmer's antiwar lectures quickly sparked her interest in political activism. In January of 1915, Lola participated in founding the Women's Peace Party in Washington, D.C., which later became the American branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), an active group in the international pacifist movement.</p> <p>In April of 1915, Lola and her husband traveled to the International Congress of Women at The Hague. The Congress' goal was to demonstrate women's opposition to war and territorial aggression, propose a peace settlement, and nominate envoys to the governments of warring nations to present this peace plan. Lola served as part of the forty-member American delegation to the conference, attending in concert with Jane Addams, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Women's Peace Party. Following the Congress, Lola and William returned to the United States, while her friend Mme. Schwimmer and others traveled to several European countries, attempting to secure agreement to an armistice.</p> <p>Lola's personal life was also affected by this trip, as it proved fatal to her marriage. Following their return from the conference, Lola and her husband began discussing divorce. This eventuality -- paired with their high-profile status amongst the Chicago social elite -- brought the possibility of both a public scandal and a custody dispute over their four children. Despite warnings from friends and family to stay home-(for example, her sister Augusta's November 1915 letter suggested she \"stay at home and rock the cradle--as obviously as possible.\" Lola continued in her political efforts, participating in the controversial Ford Peace Expedition.</p> <p>In 1915, after several unsuccessful attempts to convince President Wilson to take an active role as mediator in the European conflict, Lola's friend and mentor Rosika Schwimmer enlisted the assistance of Henry Ford in planning a peace expedition to Europe. Using signed documents collected through the conference at The Hague, Schwimmer's goal was to rally neutral countries to act as negotiators, while encouraging warring countries to accept a peace plan. Lola Maverick Lloyd initially declined an invitation to join the Peace Ship, citing her ongoing divorce and custody discussions, but was convinced by Ford to bring her three oldest children along on the trip.</p> <p>Following the Peace Expedition's arrival in Europe, Schwimmer and other participants set up a Neutral Conference for Continuous Mediation. The Neutral Conference, headquartered in Stockholm but also traveling to Norway, Denmark and Holland, was aimed at continuing the goals of the preceding expedition over an extended period of time. Lola Maverick Lloyd was invited to serve as part of the Committee of Seven administering the Neutral Conference, but early in 1916, she returned to Chicago to finalize her divorce and custody proceedings. Subsequent to the surprisingly private closing of the divorce, Lola received primary custody of the four children.</p> <p>Lola Maverick Lloyd remained active in politics on both a national and international level. Following the Neutral Conference, the remaining 28 years of her life were dedicated to various pacifist, suffragist, and internationalist causes. She demonstrated in Washington against the U.S. entry to the war in 1917; contributed to the push for woman suffrage through Alice Paul's National Woman's Party; and in 1937 founded and co-chaired the Campaign for World Government, a pioneer organization in lobbying for world government as the most effective means of preventing war. The organization advocated for a world government of the people, as opposed to the League of Nations or United Nations, which she saw as organizations comprised of, and thus representing the interests of, the war-makers--the various national governments. Lola's partner in founding this endeavor was Rosika Schwimmer, and Lola's son William Bross Lloyd, Jr. became its first director.</p> <p>Lola also served as head of the Griffin Bill Committee (later Griffin-O'Day Bill Committee), which lobbied to allow foreign-born pacifists U.S. citizenship. She was extremely active in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), for whom she repeatedly traveled as delegate for the American branch to numerous international conferences, served on the board beginning in 1933, and acted as National Minorities chair. Lola also participated in the 1931 WILPF Peace Caravan, which collected signatures to petition for disarmament, and she constituted part of the delegation presenting these petitions to President Hoover in October of 1931. In addition to these efforts, Lola served as president to the Women's Consultative Committee, formed through the Council of the League of Nations. This committee worked for complete equality of women in the international sphere.</p> <p>Lola's interests expanded beyond pacifism and woman suffrage into the birth control movement, labor rights, the civil liberties of conscientious objectors, progressive education, and the proportional representation movement. From 1920 until 1932 she was a member of the Women's Committee for the Recognition of Soviet Russia. While she often demurred when questioned as to her political status, the collection documents Lola's membership in the Socialist Party of Illinois from the years 1905 or 1906 until 1921.</p> <p>Lola Maverick Lloyd was well-known for being a philanthropist of progressive causes and activists, and maintained social and professional acquaintances with a variety of national and international public figures. One such connection was with Albert Einstein, for whom she organized two public receptions in 1931 and 1933 highlighting his support for peace. Other friends and professional acquaintances included Carrie Chapman Catt, Jane Addams, Angelica Balabanoff, Ignazio Silone, Charles and Sofia Haag, Alice Henry, Alice Paul, and Camille Drevet. As is documented in the collection, Lola assisted many of her acquaintances financially, particularly during the Great Depression.</p> <p>When Lola was not lobbying or fundraising for various causes, she published essays and letters examining these same issues. Among her writings were the \"People's Mandate to Governments\" and \"Common Questions About the Future United States of the World.\" She was a co-author with Rosika Schwimmer of \"Chaos, War or a New World Order?\"</p> <p>Despite a frenetic public schedule and time spent with family, Lola also practiced hobbies including painting, drawing, weaving and sculpture. Another of her ongoing concerns was the construction and decoration of her rather unusual and artistic house in Winnetka, Illinois, based somewhat loosely on the Arts and Crafts movement. She was a prolific letter writer and maintained especially close contact with her children, Rosika Schwimmer, the Haags, and her siblings.</p> <p>Suffering from an increasing number of ailments in her last several years, Lola's health rapidly deteriorated in 1944, when it became clear that she had pancreatic cancer. She passed away on July 25, 1944.</p>"}
- scopecontent
-
{"value"=>"<p>Lola Maverick Lloyd's papers document her life and activism during the years 1915 through her death in 1944. The full range of materials extends from a family accounts book from 1856, through the late 1940s and a few memorials produced in the years following her passing. Contents include a small amount of biographical and autobiographical material.</p> <p>The personal materials consist of a large amount of correspondence, diaries, photographs, and financial and legal materials. Lola's professional papers contain writings, drafts, reports, correspondence, and mailings from various organizations of which she was a member. There are often professional materials included within the personal papers. In addition, a large amount of printed and near-printed material, pamphlets, and books pertaining to Lola's various interests and organizations were originally included at the time of accession. Information on these materials is available in the card catalog located in the Manuscripts reading room.</p> <p>The collection documents Lola's professional involvement in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), the Woman's Peace Party, and the Campaign for World Government, of which she was a cofounder.</p> <p>The collection is predominantly in English, with a small number of items in German, French, and Spanish.</p>"}
{"value"=>"<p class='list-head'>The Lola Maverick Lloyd papers are arranged in seven series:</p>\n<ul class='arrangement series-descriptions'>\n<li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c193134'>Series I. Correspondence</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1893-1949, undated</div>\n<div class='series-description'><p>The correspondence primarily consists of incoming letters organized in three subseries: General Correspondence, Family Correspondence, and World Peace Prize for Rosika Schwimmer Correspondence. Certain letters are dually dated by both date of creation and receipt. All materials are arranged by the date of creation, except in cases where no such date is included, in which case the items are ordered by date of receipt. Materials in this series are predominantly in English, with occasional letters and reports in French, German, and Spanish.</p></div></li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c193223'>Series II. Diaries and address books</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1894-1933, undated</div>\n</li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c193237'>Series III. Writings, speeches and notes</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1907-1944, undated</div>\n</li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c1403649'>Series IV. Legal and financial records</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1856-1944, undated</div>\n</li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c193275'>Series V. Personal memorabilia</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1886-1944, undated</div>\n<div class='series-description'><p>Personal memorabilia consist of items collected by Lola over the course of her life, and are divided into three subseries: School and Family Mementos, Artwork, and Holiday cards and Postcards.</p></div></li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c193310'>Series VI. Printed material</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>1914-1944, undated</div>\n<div class='series-description'><p>The printed materials in Lola Maverick Lloyd's Papers consist of flyers; small pamphlets; announcements and circular mailings; a few reports, membership lists, and meeting minutes from various organizations; serial publications such as journals and newspapers; and posters. Many of the items were relocated from Lola's General Correspondence, where they likely had been included as enclosures. The majority of the material was collected from organizations of which Lola was a member, in particular from those with whom she was quite actively involved.</p> <p>Among the organizations strongly represented in this series are WILPF, the National Woman's Party, the Woman's Peace Party, the Campaign for World Government, the War Resister's League, the League of Nations, the Women's Committee for the Recognition of Russia, the Women's Consultative Committee on Nationality, and World Fellowship International.</p> <p>Printed matter is organized in three clusters: alphabetically by name for those organizations with a strong presence in the series; alphabetically by subject for items from numerous entities but related to a common subject or cause; and finally by date for those miscellaneous items that do not easily fit into either of the first two categories.</p> <p>The series then continues with newspaper clippings and a fair number of serial publications. For a list of these serial publications, see attached addendum.</p> <p>Finally, one oversized folder of posters, ranging from 1916 to 1942, contains posters Lola collected on a variety of themes. These themes include woman suffrage, anti-war and armistice messages, and international relief efforts.</p></div></li><li><div class='series-title'><a href='/mss/6233#c193344'>Series VII. Photographs and film</a></div>\n<div class='series-date'>ca. 1890-1944, undated</div>\n<div class='series-description'><p>Materials in this series primarily consist of personal photos related to family and friends, vacations and travels, and Lola Maverick Lloyd's Winnetka house. The largest section of these are of her four children from childhood through adulthood and include images of the house; other family members; family travels in France, Switzerland, Russia, Mexico, and Jamaica; and Lola herself. There are several posed portraits of Lola, as well as the immediate Maverick and Lloyd families, and a large number of cabinet card photos of Mary's Institute and Smith College classmates and friends that rather nicely document young ladies fashions of the era. There are a small number of cyanotype photographs, and several photo negatives present within the collection.</p> <p>Images of a less personal nature include photos of conferences, banquets, and meetings, primarily of WILPF and the Women's Consultative Committee affiliated with the League of Nations. There are three oversized, rolled photographs present, which represent the National Woman's Party dedication of their new headquarters in Washington, D.C., in 1922; and the Twentieth Anniversary celebration banquet for WILPF, in 1935.</p></div></li></ul>\n", "type"=>"arrangement"}
- acqinfo
-
{"value"=>"<p>Donated by Lola Maverick Lloyd and her children, ca. 1940-ca. 1990.</p>"}
- processinfo
-
{"value"=>"<p>Compiled by Laura Ruttum; machine readable finding aid created by FAKER.</p><p>Lola Maverick Lloyd's papers were donated to the New York Public Library and processed as Series O of the Schwimmer-Lloyd Collection. In 2005 they were reprocessed, combining several of the former subseries, inserting more recent additions, and creating a \"printed matter\" subseries from materials previously separated from Lola's correspondence. The papers are still administratively part of the Schwimmer-Lloyd collection, but are physically arranged as a separate collection. Series O of the Schwimmer-Lloyd Papers also contained items belonging to other Maverick family members, as well as each of Lola Maverick Lloyd's children. At the time of reprocessing in 2005, these materials were separated and placed with the Jessie Lloyd O'Connor Papers, William Bross Lloyd Jr. Papers, Mary Maverick Lloyd Papers, and Georgia Lloyd Papers In addition, approximately seven boxes of correspondence belonging to other Maverick family members were removed from the papers, thus creating the Maverick Family Papers. A collection of books and pamphlets was also donated to the library with Lola's materials. There is a card catalog available in the Division's reading room providing access to these items.</p>"}
- relatedmaterial
-
{"value"=>"<p>In the Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library:</p> Schwimmer-Lloyd Collection Campaign for World Government Records Georgia Lloyd Papers Jessie Lloyd O'Connor Papers Mary Maverick Lloyd Papers William Bross Lloyd, Jr. Papers Nicholas Kelley Papers Maverick Family Papers. <p>In other repositories:</p> Henry Ford Peace Expedition Records, 1915-1916. Swarthmore College Peace Collection, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. Jessie Lloyd O'Connor Papers. Sophia Smith Collection. Smith College, Northampton, MA."}
- date_start
-
1856
- keydate
-
1856
- date_end
-
1949
- date_inclusive_start
-
1856
- date_inclusive_end
-
1949
- extent_statement
-
35 linear feet; 88 boxes
- prefercite
-
{"value"=>"Lola Maverick Lloyd papers, Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library"}